Who is LLA Instruments?

LLA Instruments GmbH is a Germany-based company specializing in hyperspectral imaging and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) sorting solutions for recycling, sorting and industrial applications.

Where is LLA based?

We are located in Berlin, Germany, and operate globally through partners and integrators.

What industries does LLA serve?

We serve recycling, plastics, e-waste, textiles, food, agriculture, and mining industries.

What makes LLA different from other camera manufacturers?

Unlike standard cameras, LLA specializes in spectroscopy. Our cameras identify and classify materials based on chemical composition, not just imaging.

What makes LLA different from other camera manufacturers?

Unlike standard cameras, LLA specializes in spectroscopy. Our cameras identify and classify materials based on chemical composition, not just imaging.

What is Hyperspectral Imaging?

Hyperspectral imaging collects spectral information at each pixel, enabling precise material identification.

What about penetration depth?

NIR and SWIR penetrate only a few millimeters, enough for thin layers like flakes, films, or small objects.

Key technical advantages of KUSTA cameras

• High Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) 

• No external frame grabber needed 

• Ultra-fine slit width (down to 35 μm) 

• 16-bit dynamic range 

• Plug-and-play software with pre-trained datasets 

• No smile or keystone distortion 

Does LLA integrate AI in its systems?

Yes, AI and machine learning algorithms can be integrated into our systems enhance sorting performance by improving classification accuracy and adapting to new materials.

What is the difference between a hyperspectral camera and a spectrometer?

Spectrometers measure a single point, while hyperspectral cameras produce spatially resolved spectral maps for full-object analysis.

What are LLA’s main products?

• KUSTA: VIS & NIR/SWIR hyperspectral cameras for material identification 

• KUSTA-MPL: Multiplexer systems for multiple conveyor belts 

• ProScan: Benchtop lab setup for R&D and process development 

• XRF-line: XRF systems for metals and minerals 

• RGB LineScan: High-resolution RGB cameras for color sorting 

What is the KUSTA system?

KUSTA is our flagship hyperspectral camera line, optimized for real-time sorting in recycling and industrial applications. 

Is it a line scan or snapshot camera?

KUSTA is a line scan camera, ideal for inline applications on conveyor belts.

What is the XRF-line used for?

XRF-line detects metals and minerals that cannot be identified by NIR/SWIR. Typical applications include sorting aluminum alloys, e-waste, and minerals.

What software does LLA provide?

KustaSpec controls cameras, processes spectral data, and allows real-time classification. 

Can customers access raw data?

Yes, we provide access to the raw data for research, development, and integration with custom algorithms.

Is the software GenICam-compatible?

Yes, for easy integration with third-party systems.

Does LLA provide training?

Yes, including tutorials, software guidance, and on-site or remote support.

Can customers create their own material library?

Yes, the system allows building custom libraries and integrating new materials.

What materials can LLA cameras identify?

Plastics (PET, PE, PP, PS, PVC, etc.), textiles, paper, wood, e-waste components, food, and minerals. 

Is LLA mainly focused on recycling?

Recycling is a core market, but applications extend to textiles, agriculture, food inspection, mining, and e-waste.

Is LLA mainly focused on recycling?

Recycling is a core market, but applications extend to textiles, agriculture, food inspection, mining, and e-waste.

Can LLA help with e-waste recycling?

Yes, our cameras can identify polymers, PCBs, and other critical components.

What about textiles?

LLA systems distinguish natural and synthetic fibers, blends, and colored fabrics for textile recycling.

What does an LLA system cost?

Prices vary by product, configuration, and application—from lab cameras to full-scale industrial sorting systems. Contact sales for tailored quotes.

How does LLA provide ROI?

Our cameras increase sorting efficiency, reduce waste, and create higher-value material streams, leading to faster return on investment.

What kind of support does LLA provide?

 Installation, training, maintenance, software updates, and ongoing technical support.

Can LLA develop custom solutions?

Yes, we work with partners, integrators, and R&D customers for tailored solutions.

Does LLA publish case studies?

Yes, case studies and application notes are available upon request.

Is an industrial PC included?

Yes, preconfigured with software, touchscreen, and sensor control.

What conveyor widths are supported?

Standard: 200 mm – 2,800 mm; custom widths available.

Minimum particle size detectable

• Hyperspectral: 2–3 mm
• XRF: ~1 cm

Can multiple materials be detected on a single item?

Yes, e.g., a plastic bottle with a paper label.

Can the system operate without a conveyor?

Yes, using ProScan setups; push-broom cameras require movement relative to the sample.

Interference from external light sources?

NIR technology is unaffected. Operate within 0–50 °C.

Cleaning / contamination issues?

Illumination is protected; optional protective glass can be used.

What is the recommended distance between the camera and the conveyor belt?

For standard setups, the distance from the conveyor belt (focal plane) to the top of the camera is approximately 2150 mm for a 2000 mm belt setup. This ensures optimal focus and sorting performance. Custom setups can be discussed if site constraints require adjustments

Is training provided?

Yes, on software, camera alignment, and valve control units.

How does XRF complement KUSTA cameras?

XRF identifies metals; KUSTA identifies organics; RGB detects color/shape.

Which metals and rare earth elements can XRF detect?

From Argon (Z=18) to Uranium (Z=92). Includes steel, iron, copper, brass, nickel, and rare earths like neodymium and yttrium.

Minimum particle size detectable with XRF?

~1 cm, material dependent. If pure metal, even smaller than that can also be detected.

Can XRF, RGB, and KUSTA cameras be combined?

Yes, for full metal, plastic, and color/shape identification.

Can plastics and blends be separated?

Yes, including PET, HDPE, PVC, PP, PS, PA, PC, ABS, and mixed blends.